ABSTRACT
This chapter examines three case samples, from the Transboundary Crisis Management (TMC) dataset that illustrate how the cooperation indicators identified by the three research traditions manifest in crises. The case samples show that each perspective international relations, organizational research, and social psychology contributes to and improves our understanding of crisis cooperation. The three research traditions share a common interest in the interaction, or exchange between different actors. Scholars researching cooperation in this field view cooperation primarily as a goal that be achieved through the interaction of actors. International relations scholars have conceptualized cooperation as: collective security mechanisms, participation in alliances and international organizations, collective actions among sovereign actors, compliance with institutional norms and regimes, non-violent sanctions as a form of coercive cooperation, non-violent dispute settlement, trade and economic interactions, reducing barriers to interaction, and integration within super-national institutions. The Kosovo crisis set a new international norm for humanitarian interventions in domestic conflicts.
