ABSTRACT
Among the jurisdictions required to provide language assistance, few demonstrate the continuing need for the federal bilingual voting mandate as much as Alaska. The state is home to thousands of Alaska Natives and American Indians and has the greatest number of indigenous languages in the country. LEP and illiteracy rates are among the highest of any jurisdiction covered by Section 203 of the Voting Rights Act (VRA). Native voters there continue to suffer the effects of past and present discrimination that block them from full and effective participation in the political process (Chapter 9 ).
