ABSTRACT
Latest contributions on the dynamics of industrial agglomerations concentrate prevai-
lingly on clusters from developed countries.1 The impact of those changes on clusters
in less-developed countries, which absorb value chain activities relocated from the devel-
oped countries’ clusters, requires deeper exploration, and this article attempts to identify
this impact. Here, cluster evolution is discussed as a process affecting not only one entity
but rather encompassing systemic changes among clusters worldwide and changes in the
geography of innovation and production (Boschma & Fornahl, 2011).
