ABSTRACT
Hamzah or hamzatu l-qaṭˤi, https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781315620091/d5f07bf9-fccb-48ca-88bd-ee90d2df29de/content/inline94.tif"/> means the cutting or disjunctive hamzah. Hamzah is considered to represent the first letter of the alphabet, and it has a full consonantal value like other consonants. (Arabic grammarians refer to ᵓalif as the ᵓalif hamzah.)
