ABSTRACT
This chapter summarizes the development of archaeology between about 1900 and 1930, when the foundations of the modern science were laid and archaeology 'came of age', as the archaeological historian Glyn Daniel once put it. Howard Carter had discovered the undisturbed tomb of Tutankhamun, the only unlooted king's sepulcher ever found in Egypt and one of the greatest archaeological discoveries of all time. She annoyed Lawrence by remarking that the Carchemish excavations were unscientific compared with the refined work of the German archaeologist Walter Andraae, who was working at the Assyrian capital, Assur, in northern Iraq. His work was complicated by constant negotiations with Gertrude Bell, who supervised the division of finds with the Iraq Museum. Archaeology in sub-Saharan Africa was a product of colonialism, and of colonial administration, as part of an effort to better understand indigenous societies.
