ABSTRACT
The Cold War was fought on military fronts around the world, in places including Korea, Vietnam and Afghanistan, but was also waged within American and Soviet societies. This chapter shows what the pursuit of territory, hegemony and ideological supremacy meant for ordinary citizens. Disagreements were not resolved simply by ideology squashing scientific discovery, for Joseph Stalin recognized the importance of science to Cold War competition in general and the effort to produce nuclear weapons in particular. The chapter explores the allure of Western style. In 1949, the satirical magazine Krokodil came up with a derogatory nickname for the most dedicated fans of Western fashion: stiliag, from the Russian word for style. Clearly, despite the anti-Western campaigns, young people managed to find ways to learn about foreign music, dance moves, and fashion. By contrast, other historians emphasize the internal factors motivating the anticosmopolitan and other postwar ideological campaigns.
