ABSTRACT
Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a form of psychotherapeutic interventions that emphasises that our cognitions (thoughts) and drives our feelings and behaviours. Modern CBT refers to a family of therapies including meta-cognitive therapy, mindfulness-based therapy, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, dialectical behaviour therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy, Internet-based CBT and the utilisation of mobile devices as an augmentation to CBT. In order to increase the level of congruence with Islamic beliefs and practices, new modified Islamic-oriented CBT has been used in clinical practice with Muslim patients. These include Dhikr-Based Cognitive Therapy (DBCT), Islamically Modified Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Muslim-Based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, and Islamic-based cognitive behaviour therapy. There are different techniques and approaches in CBT, with a similar underlying philosophy, which combine a variety of cognitive, problem-solving, behavioural and emotion-focused techniques. These techniques are used to change or modify maladaptive cognitions, and replaced them with more constructive thoughts in order to positively affect belief (core and Intermediate) emotion and behaviour. The classical Islamic scholar Al-Balkhi, the father of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, used four therapeutic techniques: relaxation technique, reciprocal inhibition, rational cognitive therapy to change cognitions and beliefs, and the use of a psycho-spiritual religious cognitive approach. There is evidence to suggest that religious cognitive behaviour therapy can be effective to reduce OCD severity symptoms and enhance Quality of Life in religion-oriented obsessive-compulsive disorder patients in Islamic culture. This chapter will examine the use of a modified cognitive behavioural therapy and spiritual interventions in the management of Scrupulosity-based Waswâs al-Qahri.
