ABSTRACT

The most notorious Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)-directed mind-control psychedelic drug experiments were conducted under the code name Project Bluebird, which would later be renamed Project Artichoke, MK-NAOMI, and MK-ULTRA. Researchers took 17 years to conclude that the effects of lysergic acid (LSD) and marijuana were too unpredictable and made the user too mellow to be useful weapons in the Cold War. In 1964, the British Armed Forces intentionally dosed a group of British Royal Marines with the LSD. The LSD was placed in their drinking water and given to them prior to the start of one of their training exercises in Proton Down, England. During 1960s, Stanley Owsley and the Brotherhood of Eternal Love were manufacturing significant amounts of LSD, disseminating millions of tabs of acid in the latter part of the '60s. The Brotherhood of Eternal Love established a direct trade route for trafficking hash between Kandahar, Afghanistan, and California.