ABSTRACT
5 Psychological types
Jung’s model introduces the terms introversion and extraversion, which he described as attitudes. To attitudes, Jung added what he called the four functions: thinking, feeling, intuition, sensation. Each of these functions can be experienced in an introverted or extraverted fashion. A further layer of nuance is added to denote whether one has a tendency to use these functions in a way that judges or simply perceives. Thinking and feeling are seen as rational functions. What Jung means is that feeling is an evaluation of something. Intuition and sensation are regarded as irrational functions.
The term ‘irrational’ is not used to mean illogical or unreasonable, but rather beyond or outside of reason. Jung: “These four functional types correspond to the obvious means by which consciousness obtains its orientation. Sensation (or sense perception) tells you that something exists; thinking tells you what it is; feeling tells you whether it is agreeable or not; and intuition tells you where it comes from and where it is going” (Jung 1961 par. 503; emphasis in original).
Building on Jung’s four-way model, the eight-function model of John Beebe is introduced.
