ABSTRACT
T H E H IT T IT E K IN G D O M A N D T H E SECO N D E G Y P T IA N E M PIR E
(14OO-IIOO B.C.)
i. The Folk and Land o f Khatti
The Anatolians and Mesopotamia-Early Hittite invasions-Hittites in Northern Syria-Semitic influence on Hittite art-Hittite hieroglyphs-Anatolian religionThe gods of Yasili Kay&—The priests-Religion non-Aryan-Racial type that of the modern Armenians-Names non-Aryan-Certain resemblances to Aegeans-Legends of Etruscan connexion-Possible relationship with Aegean culture not close-National characteristics of Anatolians-The Hittite kingdom-Khattusil 1 {c, 1400 B.c.)— Shubbiluliuma (c. 1385-1345 B.c.)—The capital: Boghaz Koi-Other centres
W ITH the appearance of the Hittite king Shubbiluliuma as the conqueror and arbiter of Western Asia and successor to the heritage of Egypt we
are finally brought into close contact with the world beyond the Taurus, the fourth region of the Nearer East. This world was as foreign to the Semites as was Egypt. Its natural conditions and its inhabitants were as strange to the peoples of Western Asia as were Egypt and the Nilotes, notwithstanding the fact that a certain amount of Mesopotamian culture had penetrated across the Taurus even in the earliest times, and, working gradually, had by the time of Shubbiluliuma given to the peoples of Asia Minor a slight veneer of the Eastern civilization above their own less-developed culture. But the Semite could never cross the Taurus in force, and even his influence soon became attenuated beyond it. The land was too high and rough for him, its air too keen. To the Egyptian the Kheta-land was probably a horror: the snow of Taurus alone would be enough to set a bar to any desire to make its acquaintance on his part. No Egyptian army ever attempted to cross it till Ibrahim Pasha marched to Konia and Kiutahia in 1832.
