ABSTRACT
Determination of preservation requirements commences during the design phase or the operations planning phase by assessing the risks to output quality during production and service provision. As considerable effort will have gone into producing a conforming output, it is necessary to protect it from adverse conditions that could change its physical and functional characteristics. The preservation processes should be designed to prolong the life of the item by inhibiting the effect of natural elements and human contact. Packing processes should be designed to protect an item from damage and deterioration under the conditions that can be expected during its storage and transportation. The methods of transportation of product between locations within the organization and to the customer needs to be determined at an early stage because arrangements will vary depending on the size, weight, security, speed, cost, destinations, customs and other factors.
