ABSTRACT
Greece, had its pedagogy, because it had its legislators and its philosophers, the first directing education in its practical details, the second making theoretical inquiries into the essential principles underlying the development of the human soul. Athenian education became more and more a course in literary training, especially towards the sixth century b.c. Grammar, gymnastics, and music proper, represented the elementary instruction of the young Athenian. Socrates spent his life in teaching, was convinced that the human mind in its normal condition discovers certain truths through its own energies. Plato, by some unexplained recollection of the social constitution of the Hindoos, established three castes in his ideal State, laborers and artisans, warriors, and magistrates. In the Republic of Plato the intellectual education of the warrior class remains exclusively literary and aesthetic. Aristotle by his encyclopaedic knowledge was enabled to excel Plato in clearness of insight into pedagogical questions.
