ABSTRACT
Margaret Lowenfeld studied her new form of clinical work with children. As the clinical experience with children further developed, the use of the World and the number of children using it grew, Lowenfeld discovered basic symptoms common in their work. Charlotte Bhler, a child development theorist and researcher and contemporary of Lowenfeld, became inquisitive in the usefulness of Lowenfeld's World Technique materials for the establishing of developmental norms and the ability to assess clinical symptoms. Hanna Bratt, a Swedish educator, became aware of the World Technique and was intrigued in its use as a therapeutic and communicative technique with children. Bratt studied with Lowenfeld in 1933 and went on to develop The Sand tray, the Swedish version of The World Technique. Empirical research in the area of assessment of diagnostic indicators or signs in sand tray work is minimal. Developmental studies began with Charlotte Bhler's pioneering work in 1934 later shifted to diagnostic assessment.
