ABSTRACT
All of the formal structures and procedures found in the tonal era survived in post-tonal music. That is, in post-tonal music we still encounter sonatas and rondos, canons and fugues, sectional and continuous variations, and binary and ternary forms. Not surprisingly, many works employing traditional formal structures date from the rst few decades of the twentieth century or were composed by relatively conservative composers, but this is not always the case. For instance, Schoenberg, hardly considered by his contemporaries to be a conservative, often composed in classical forms.
