ABSTRACT
In part III, Marx discusses absolute surplus-value production as one method capitalists use for increasing the rate of surplus-value. In part IV, he introduces another method: relative surplus-value production.
I call that surplus-value which is produced by the lengthening of the working day, absolute surplus-value. In contrast to this, I call that surplus-value which arises from the curtailment of the necessary labour-time, and from the corresponding alteration in the respective lengths of the two components of the working day, relative surplus-value. (432)
