Integrating Reading and Writing

This chapter aims at illustrating theoretical and pedagogical methods for integrating reading and writing skills in Arabic as a foreign language by implementing an Understanding by Design (UbD) framework. This framework consists of three stages: desired results, which encompass standards, goals, and objectives; evidence of learning, including different types of assessment that reveal the learners' ability to transfer information; and a learning plan made up of different teaching activities that optimize achievement and take differentiation into consideration. It can be implemented to improve any foreign language teaching curriculum. The chapter also shows how to integrate writing with reading: first, as a support skill, then as guided writing, and finally through free writing exercises based around real world tasks. Skills and standards of the 21st century are applied to all reading and writing tasks and activities. Foreign language teachers are urged to use literature circles in their classes, not only for fiction but also with nonfictional texts.