ABSTRACT
Idealism is the view that consciousness is a fundamental feature of reality. Idealism goes further by asserting that consciousness is all there is to reality. A picture of the world grounded on physics may not fund a satisfactory answer to the problem of consciousness. Panpsychism is the view that some form of consciousness is a fundamental and ubiquitous feature of nature. But, unlike idealism, panpsychism denies that consciousness exhausts fundamental reality. The investigation of radical approaches remains both interesting and essential to progress in our search to understand consciousness and its place in nature. The emergence of consciousness from the purely structural features outlined in physics would, however, be a very strange form of radical emergence, of doubtful coherence insofar as it holds that intrinsic emerge from the relational. The general problem which both the deceptively familiar physical and contentious mentalistic cases point to is that of emergence.
