ABSTRACT
User participation in Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) projects is critical to promote social inclusion for the local community. However, there is a lack of understanding in achieving an optimal level for different approaches presently deployed in the development of ICT4D project. This chapter aims to develop a conceptual framework that identifies the optimal level of user participation based on the approach deployed and the relevant conditional factors affecting user participation for each approach. The results provide an important contribution in understanding ways to manage user participation in the development of ICT4D project.
