ABSTRACT
This chapter argues that IOs have been a propelling force behind the expansion of inter-governmental bilateral agreements in the global governance of health worker-migration over the past two decades. It discusses the extent to which they promote ethical recruitment and reciprocal arrangements, particularly in mitigating some of the harmful effects of outward migration on developing countries. It argues that bilateral agreements are increasingly significant as means of promoting circular and temporary migration and that in their present form they are a setback in the struggle to achieve global universal health coverage and decent work.
