ABSTRACT
In practice, the flexibility and intelligence of people are the critical ingredients in protecting nuclear sites and managing unforeseen circumstances. As one of several distinct subsets of organizational culture, nuclear security culture is, first of all, rooted in a country's national culture. Although resistant to external inputs, national culture is evolving from generation to generation and is continuously adjusted by participating groups through negotiations and debate, thus presenting an opportunity to change some perceptions, including those related to nuclear threats and security. Hence, small and often outnumbered groups of committed experts are important in initiating such negotiations and debate in order to achieve wide recognition of nuclear security. Since nuclear infrastructure is a highly regulated sector, its security culture model is a combination of top-down and bottom-up approaches when both practices introduced from the top and attitudes from the bottom are contributing to a culture build-up process.
