ABSTRACT
The complexity-based paradigm helps resolve some of the learning paradoxes created by the central Newtonian assumption that reality is material, external and independent. The story demonstrates how strongly our minds and society shape our perception of reality. The value of opening our minds to new ways of thinking is conveyed by the story of Ptolemy and Copernicus. The dominant information-processing view of cognition holds that the body is peripheral to understanding the nature of mind and cognition. In the traditional information processing view of cognition, communication is regarded as information transmission. The Santiago view of cognition is supported by recent neuroscience findings on memory and imagination. In the 1990s, Senge fused aspects of cognitive organisational learning theory with Forrester's systems dynamics to derive his concept of the learning organisation. As society becomes more connected, higher order organisational patterns begin to emerge and in turn exert increasing 'downward' governing pressure onto our own localised behaviours.
