ABSTRACT
These forces began to emerge from the Renaissance over five centuries ago and were spread by the European colonization of the world. They intensified in the nineteenth century with the Industrial Revolution and in this century through mass communication. Resistance to cultural homogenization has taken two forms. 1 Tradi tional peoples such as the Pueblos and Hispanic Americans of New Mexico have defended their local, vernacular cultures from the pressures of the dominant, industrial culture. Resistance has also come from within Western Europe, beginning in the eighteenth century with the reaction of the Romantic movement against Classicism and broadening during the next century into a reaction against industrialism best typified by the Arts and Crafts movement. In the United States during this century the romantic tradition has peaked twice: once in the New Deal Regionalism of the 1930s and again in the counterculture/environmental movement beginning in the late 1960s.
