ABSTRACT

This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the concepts discussed in this book. The book provides ideas and actions for bringing together disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) through placing CCA in DRR. Many actions for DRR including CCA are well known and well tested, along with actions for climate change mitigation. DRR as a principle has also been challenged with respect to the 'reduction' component, in contrast to disaster risk management (DRM). By definition, disasters are about society. Environmental hazards are frequently involved in disasters, although many environmental hazards and hazard influencers are affected by human activities. But without societal interaction, an environmental phenomenon or process is just an environmental phenomenon or process. When an environmental phenomenon or process interacts with society, then it can be a potential resource, a potential hazard, a combination of hazard and resource, or effectively neutral.