ABSTRACT
This chapter presents the process of denationalization of Turkish Marxist historiography that began with a political economy discussion of Turkish history in the 1970s and culminated in today's culture of socialism. The chapter also presents the current picture of Marxism as a new culture of socialism by tackling the Marxist historiographical turn of denationalization through the 1970s to the 2000s. The post-Cold War era began with the Kemalist historical vision's rejection of the Ottoman past as history that failed because it represented Islam, which impeded progress. For most of the twentieth century, until the 1990s, this was the main theme of Turkish political culture, including Marxism; releasing Turks from the burden of the past, which was pre-republican. The post-Cold War era Marxist historiography built upon this denationalization and thus proliferated into more global approaches of a new culture of socialism.
