ABSTRACT
In response, university counseling centers have focused primarily on offering a basket of supportive counseling services to students coping with interpersonal critical incidences of victimization, including stalking, hate crimes, sexual assault and harassment, attempted suicide and suicide, rape, and partner violence. Application of an effective proactive cross-cultural crisis intervention management plan containing the unique aspects of individual campus community contexts will require extensive creative preparation. A primary goal of Psychological First Aid (PFA) is to provide an environment of physical and emotional safety while, at the same time, successfully minimizing the sense of threat. Communication devices such as a message board, fax, phones, and computers should link strategically to internal campus and external community resources. In light of the rise in mass violence attacks at American universities, holistic critical incident management plans should emphasize prevention along with a stated commitment to preparing and providing direct services to traumatized victims of campus violence.
