ABSTRACT

This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on concepts discusses in this book. Ontology investigates the fact, nature and modal status of being, in the course of which it proposes a preferred ontology that is supposed to include all and only existent things. The answer to fundamental questions of philosophical ontology require rigorous philosophical enquiry into the concepts of objects, states of affairs and worlds, and of actually existent entities, states of affairs and the actual world. Ontology demands a correct philosophical metalogic. Logic must be as independent as possible in its explicit commitment to the principles of any particular scientific ontology. Ontology is only at this stage of ontological enquiry that one can meaningfully enquire whether or not there are good reasons to approve the existence of the usual ontological suspects, standardly beginning, as in preceding chapters, with physical entities of various types, and proceeding to abstract objects, minds and persons, God, language, art and cultural artefacts.