ABSTRACT
Michael Friedman's formulation quoted as, it is the law of gravity that makes the empirical connection between the Newtonian laws of motion and what everyone can measure. Classical Newtonian mechanics also uses a single mathematical point as the center of mass of a body. Newton's laws were seen as good examples of a pragmatic or changeable a priori, a view that was most fully explored by Pap in his dissertation. In a standard formulation, Newton's first law says that a body free of impressed forces either remains at rest or else continues in uniform motion in a straight line. Pap claims that it is an empirical fact that Newton's first law is unrealizable because of the constant presence of friction and of universal gravitation. Galileo explained the motion of bodies geometrically, dividing the forces acting on a projectile into two components, friction acting in the direct opposite direction and gravity acting orthogonally to pull the projectile to the earth.
