ABSTRACT
In the 21st century there was a distinct gap between elitist urban culture and a more popular one. The more elite culture still has streaks of post-Zionism in it. In the beginning of this period it was possible to trace post-Zionist challenges filtering into the popular culture: a significant number of writers, playwrights and filmmakers share the basic assumptions of the 'post-Zionist' scholars. There is a clear distinction in Israel between fiction and poetry when it comes to post-Zionist ideas. The cultural identity of a society is shaped by historical and contemporary reality on the one hand and by how this reality is interpreted by those who control socio-political power on the other. Israel's cultural identity in the 21st century can be summed up as a cultural product shaped by the heritage and human geography of the land of Palestine and by the conscious national attempt to change the identity of that land.
