ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the development of the labour policy and its limit, focusing on the period after the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War, when the labour shortage became serious. Meanwhile, the 'Outline of Establishment of Manchuria Worker Association' proposed to found the Manchuria Labour Association (MLA) in order to distribute, register, protect and train workers in Manchuria. The basic idea of the 'New Labour System' was described in the 'Outline of the Measures on Labour Issues', determined by the Civil Affairs Department in January 1941. It declared that the aim of the labour policy was securing the labour force and expanding the munitions industry, in particular establishing self-sufficiency of labour in Manchukuo. Here, we summarize the measures for securing the labour force and those for labour management. It is remarkable that the Manchukuo government was willing to utilize the traditional Chinese labour management system.
