ABSTRACT
This chapter explores the tensions and their implications for adult ESL provision. The initial surge in the development of adult ESL policy began when Australia was safely distant from sources of migration. Australian migration and language policy history is characterised by two competing axes: reflects the establishment and preservation of English as the dominant language of the nation; to create a more diverse and inclusive culture in which multilingualism and multicultural perspectives are more positively and proactively embraced. It attempts to re-position some of the analysis of Australian second language policy development to show how it has reflected a continuing tension between general principles and local pragmatic activities. The author argues that features of the construction of the modern Australian state created a context in which pragmatic, technical views of the nature and purpose of adult English learning could readily dominate despite opportunities for alternative framings and endeavours to construct wider views of individual plurilingualism and societal multilingualism.
