ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses Buddhist system and Buddhist ritual. The Buddhist system is the law and regulation of sanghas, involving a series of provisions on life and the methods of doing things for Buddhist monks and sanghas. Buddhist believers had to go through certain procedures to leave the family and practice on their own, which was conditional. Buddhism said that when many monks gathered, it was like a large cluster of trees, so that the place where monks gathered was called a temple. Generally there were two methods of Buddhist practice: the first was learning doctrine, and the second was practicing meditation. Confession method was an important way of Buddhism’s self-practice. It was a religious ritual to confess sins, chanting scriptures and worshiping Buddha, and vow to practice actively and never recede in the future. Daqi is an important Buddhist ritual of Zen and the Pure Land School. Esoteric Buddhism had special mantras for feeding the hungry ghosts and chanting rituals.
