ABSTRACT
Papionins are generally larger and more dimorphic than guenons. Multi-male troops with complex social organization are typical. Macaques are among the most successful primates, covering a wide geographic area in Asia. The descriptions of primate behavior are arranged under four headings: ecology, sociality, life cycle, and cognition. Female kinship is a vital aspect of social organization and grooming a vital expression of relationships. Several macaque species display tool-using proclivities. Macaque species can be classified along a continuum from despotic to tolerant, with implications for many aspects of social life. Mangabeys are two unrelated genera with very different ways of life. Geladas live in modular societies, but OMU females are independent of the male. Mandrills, the most dimorphic monkeys, are forest floor gleaners. They have the longest adolescent periods among cercopithecine monkeys. Coloration seems to be important in sexual interaction. Cercocebus mangabeys are related to mandrills and are similar to them ecologically. Lophocebus are more like their relatives, the Papio baboons.
