ABSTRACT
Decentralized governance, understood as the delegation of legal and administrative competencies to national responsive and accountable way of setting and implementing rules, which is then more easily adapted to different local circumstances or political preferences. Since regional co-operation on the management of transboundary effects is only just beginning to emerge, some Member States have effectively taken steps to limit their integration into the European electricity grid. Building on these core objectives, the different successive framework, strategies and roadmaps that have come to define European Union (EU) energy policy generally incorporate a triad of objectives, combining – with varying emphases – the security of supply, affordability for households and competitiveness of energy-using industries. Faced with tendencies towards a re-nationalization of energy policies, and in light of the renewed attention to energy security in the wake of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, the EU in 2015 launched the Energy Union as a new framework for its energy policy.
