ABSTRACT
Testing and scaling (including rating) are two basic psychometric procedures; other kinds of assessment procedures are derived from one or both of these approaches. Some of the less constrained constructed response tests are derivatives of both, developed like tests and using rating scales in scoring. Others evolved from the two psychometric foundations and also from forms of assessment that developed outside of the psychometric tradition. Commonly used approaches to assessment, derived both from testing and rating traditions, include inventories and interviews.
