ABSTRACT
The first Arab-Israeli war ended in 1949 with a series of armistice agreements between Israel and its Arab neighbours. The defeat had also delegitimized many of the Arab governments and left them open to radical challenges. American intervention had also only postponed another full-scale Arab-Israeli confrontation, as the key issues of security, recognition and refugees remained unresolved. As in 1956, Israeli decision-makers saw the closure of the straits as a casus belli, especially in the context of Egyptian troop movements and general Arab mobilization. The Arabs demanded the liberation of Palestine and the Israeli population demanded immediate government action. Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) founded by Nasser in 1964, it comprises the Palestine National Council as its supreme body, the Palestine Executive Committee for everyday affairs and the Palestine Liberation Army. The Zionist-Palestinian nature of the conflict changed with the establishment of the state of Israel and its subsequent invasion by Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon and Iraq.