ABSTRACT

This chapter deals with the insufficient separation between nationalism and patriotism as two different factors describing nation-related attitudes. In accordance with Bengt Muthén, the assumption of homogeneous attitude patterns within large populations is seen as unrealistic. In this chapter, Blank's idea is developed further and integrated into the perception of a heterogeneous population. Within the German population, there are people who react on the emotional dimension of the attitude measured. Together with the results of the latent class analysis (LCA), one should doubt that pride is the only feeling that expresses the individual's emotions toward the nation or its characteristics. In contrast, high authoritarianism strongly influences nationalism as well as xenophobia. Finally, authoritarianism is expected to positively influence xenophobia, because individuals with an authoritarian disposition tend to devaluate out-groups with whom they do not identify.