ABSTRACT
The usage of the term 'model' in this chapter can conveniently be subdivided into three groups: universal, analogous and predictive models. The chapter is based on specific archaeological material, namely the results of excavations in Ullshelleren rock shelter situated in Valldalen in the southwestern mountain area of Norway. The discussion will be centred on the problem of ecological reconstructions. For a possible interpretation of Ullsheller as part of an economic organization, the similarities in habitation pattern to the rock shelters and caves along the coast seem to be important. These include: habitation mainly during the Migration Period; the habitation does not seem to reflect seasonal activities only; the artifacts are related to both men's and women's activities. The subsistence activities in Valldalen are likely to be conditioned by or related to the following three features: Grass in the valley bottom and on the slopes, the birch forest, easy accessibility to the huge flocks of reindeer in the surrounding high mountains.
