ABSTRACT
HE economic revolution which made civilization possibleA the cultivation of cereals and the domestication of cattle,
sheep, and swine-was initiated in the Ancient East. Thence its basic ideas were slowly propagated towards North-western Europe by three main channels-coastwise along the Mediter ranean and Atlantic seaboards, up the Danube Valley and down the Elbe and Rhine, from the Black Sea coasts across the North European plain.1 These three streams of cultural influence converge upon Scotland, and colonists, inspired thereby, began to settle on our western and eastern coasts almost simultaneously.
