ABSTRACT
Copper 0.50 15.00 1.90 1.30 0.75 22.00 2.50 1.90 1.00 28.00 2.50 1.90 1.25 35.00 2.80 2.50 1.50 42.00 2.80 2.50 2.00 54.00 3.90 2.50 2.50 67.00 3.90 2.80 3.00 76.10 3.90 2.80 4.00 108.00 3.90 2.80 5.00 133.00 3.90 2.80 6.00 159.00 3.90 2.80
muPVC 1.25 32.00 1.20 0.50 1.50 40.00 1.20 0.50 2.00 50.00 1.20 0.60
Polypropylene 1.25 32.00 1.20 0.50 1.50 40.00 1.20 0.50
uPVC – 82.40 1.20 0.50 – 110.00 1.80 0.90 – 160.00 1.80 1.20
Steel 0.50 15.00 2.40 1.80 0.75 20.00 3.00 2.40 1.00 25.00 3.00 2.40 1.25 32.00 3.00 2.40 1.50 40.00 3.70 2.40 2.00 50.00 3.70 2.40 2.50 65.00 4.60 3.00 3.00 80.40 4.60 3.00 4.00 100.00 4.60 3.00 5.00 125.00 5.50 3.70 6.00 150.00 5.50 4.50 8.00 200.00 8.50 6.00
10.00 250.00 9.00 6.50 12.00 300.00 10.00 7.00 16.00 400.00 10.00 8.25
Type of building Storage (litres)
Houses and flats (up to 4 bedrooms 120/bedroom Houses and flats (more than 4 bedrooms) 100/bedroom Hostels 90/bed Hotels 200/bed Nurses homes and medical quarters 120/bed Offices with canteen 45/person Offices without canteen 40/person Restaurants 7/meal Boarding schools 90/person Day schools – Primary 15/person Day schools – Secondary 20/person
Recommended Air Conditioning Design Loads
Building type Design loading
Computer rooms 500 W/m² of floor area Restaurants 150 W/m² of floor area Banks (main area) 100 W/m² of floor area Supermarkets 25 W/m² of floor area Large office block (exterior zone) 100 W/m² of floor area Large office block (interior zone) 80 W/m² of floor area Small office block (interior zone) 80 W/m² of floor area
Capacity (litres)
BS type (SCM)
Dimensions
Length (mm) Width (mm) Depth (mm)
18 45 457 305 305 36 70 610 305 371 54 90 610 406 371 68 110 610 432 432 86 135 610 457 482 114 180 686 508 508 159 230 736 559 559 191 270 762 584 610 227 320 914 610 584 264 360 914 660 610 327 450/1 1220 610 610 336 450/2 965 686 686 423 570 965 762 787 491 680 1090 864 736 709 910 1070 889 889
Capacity of Cold Water Polypropylene Storage Cisterns – BS 4213
Capacity (litres)
BS type (PC)
Maximum height (mm)
18 4 310 36 8 380 68 15 430 91 20 510 114 25 530 182 40 610 227 50 660 273 60 660 318 70 660 455 100 760
Hour luation Period)
Pipe size (mm)
Insulation thickness (mm)
Condition 1 Condition 2
λ = 0.020 λ = 0.030 λ = 0.040 λ = 0.020 λ = 0.030 λ = 0.040 Copper pipes
15 11 20 34 12 23 41 22 6 9 13 6 10 15 28 4 6 9 4 7 10 35 3 5 7 4 5 7 42 3 4 5 8 4 6 54 2 3 4 2 3 4 76 2 2 3 2 2 3
Steel pipes
15 9 15 24 10 18 29 20 6 9 13 6 10 15 25 4 7 9 5 7 10 32 3 5 6 3 5 7 40 3 4 5 3 4 6 50 2 3 4 2 3 4 65 2 2 3 2 3 3
Condition 1: water temperature 7°C; ambient temperature –6°C; evaluation period 8 h; permitted ice formation 50%; normal installation, i.e. inside the building and inside the envelope of the structural insulation Condition 2: water temperature 2°C; ambient temperature –6°C; evaluation period 8 h; permitted ice formation 50%; extreme installation, i.e. inside the building but outside the envelope of the structural insulation λ = thermal conductivity [W/(mK)]
Insulation Thickness for Chilled And Cold Water Supplies to Prevent Condensation
On a Low Emissivity Outer Surface (0.05, i.e. Bright Reinforced Aluminium Foil) with an Ambient Temperature of +25°C and a Relative Humidity of 80%
t = temperature of contents (°C) λ = thermal conductivity at mean temperature of insulation [W/(mK)]
t = hot face temperature (°C) λ = thermal conductivity at mean temperature of insulation [W/(mK)]
