ABSTRACT
This chapter examines the specific nature of the modern manifestation of the mental structure, and how this particular expression contributed to a consolidation of the four biases. It then proceeds with a complex integral realist analysis of this consolidation, and close with a consideration of the general philosophical discourse of modernity. The original emergence of modernity in Europe, then, can be seen as reflecting a major 'second wave' of the theoretic/rational stage or mental structure. The three integrative metatheories emphasize on different biases. Critical realism focuses on the analytical, presence and epistemological biases; complex thought focuses especially on the analytical bias; and integral theory primarily on the exterior bias. Jean Gebser saw the second major expression of the mental structure as emerging especially in the European Renaissance, where a greater capacity for objectivity and perspectival awareness, an 'objectivation of spatial awareness', developed.
