ABSTRACT
Calculating the demand for building energy is a major challenge. One of the biggest challenges, however, is to identify activity profiles and energy demand in space and time. Peak building energy demands are largely influenced by weather conditions and social activities, along with the performance of weather-dependent technology, such as solar collectors and heat pumps. An active demand side response mechanism will also cover demand side energy efficiency in order to realise significant reductions in energy consumption by considering account rebound effects. The importance of energy demand is particularly crucial for cities. The relationship between a country’s quantity of used energy and the size of its economy is a strong one. More importantly, the quality of energy is just as critical as its quantity. The literature review concerning non-domestic energy and emissions is extremely extensive.
