ABSTRACT
In this chapter, we look at four issues. First, what is God, according to a traditional monotheistic concept of God deriving from Judaism, Christianity and Islam? Does the concept make sense? Second, we will discuss three arguments for the existence of God. The ontological argument claims to prove that God exists just by unpacking our understanding of the concept of God. The argument from design uses the apparent order and purpose of nature to infer the existence of God. And the cosmological argument claims that God is the origin of the universe. The third issue is the problem of evil, an argument that uses the existence of evil to infer that God, at least as traditionally conceived, does not exist. Finally, we look at the nature of religious language. Does religious language state facts, can it be true or false, and is it even meaningful?
