ABSTRACT
Learning a foreign (FL) or a second language (L2)1 is a complex process involving a plethora of variables, and some research indicates that gender-based differences have interacted with this process. In fact, the number of FL and L2 investigations reporting gender-based differences has increased in recent years. Despite attention to gender-related research in language learning, gender continues to be seldom examined or discussed in this field. The purpose of this chapter is to showcase data related to gender and language learning, review findings of the most concentrated areas of research, and offer directions for future studies.2
