ABSTRACT
In the modern and contemporary history, there exists a relationship between politics and religion which is commendable and abounding with rewards and advantages for the nation and the rights of those it encompasses. The commendable relationship between politics and religious symbolism was manifest during the battles for Arab national independence against colonial occupation. In Arab societies today, the argument about the question of religion and the state takes two deviant forms. The first is raising the political and the state realm to the status of the transcendental, and perceiving them through religious standards - this is the position of fundamentalist Islamism. The second is transforming secularism from political neutrality towards religion into a position hostile to religion, that is, to a new doctrine! This is the position of the Jacobin fundamentalist Secularists. The chapter also presents an overview on the key concepts discussed in this book.
