ABSTRACT
In the course of everyday life, people rarely reflect on their global reality orientation and state of consciousness. It is noteworthy that no other dream content dimension has been shown to occur so exclusively in REM compared to non-REM sleep, as persistent lucid dreaming and the voluntary action required by signal-verified lucid dreams (SVLDs). The psychophysiological approach responsible for the Golden Age of dream research in the decades follows the discovery of REM sleep and the subsequent association of REM with dreaming. The eye movement signaling methodology forms the basis for a more powerful approach to dream research than previously available methods. Stephen LaBerge and his colleagues provide the necessary verification by tasking lucid dreamers to induce and time stamp the onset and offset of lucid dreams (LDs) by means of specific voluntary dream actions expected to produce corresponding physiological responses observable on a polygraph.
