ABSTRACT
This chapter looks at the toolkit of actions importing governments use to regulate TNE, discusses the spectrum of different regulatory and propose a model for understanding the complexity of what is actually happening across countries. The programmes without a local presence, establishing the programme's bonafides its home country are normally a prerequisite for any form of recognition the programme receives. The institutions are foreign owned but locally established, the normally treated as domestic institutions foreign universities. The important tool governments can use to influence enrolments is granting or withholding official recognition of qualifications for the purposes of employment. The Verbik and Jokivirta's use the terms 'liberal' and 'restrictive' conflates two regulation, business regulation and quality assurance, are very different. Staffing is a sensitive issue for governments. Many countries require the curriculum in the transnational programme is equivalent to offer on the home campus, and some countries prohibit the delivery of programmes in particular fields of study.
