ABSTRACT

Management, as a field of study, may have only come into prominence in the late nineteenth century, but the trend itself could be considered as old as human civilization. This chapter reviews five main management theories or clusters, namely scientific approach, administrative theory, bureaucratic theory, behavioral theories, and human relations theories. Business is often credited with bringing change, growth, and development, but people should consider that these phenomena can have positive or negative effects on a society. Change, growth, and development as a series of consequences from business performance. The reputation of business, which is still ambivalent, due to the short-term profit focus of many past corporate leaders, leading to questionable practices and a preference for financial advancement rather than wellness of living beings and the environment. In the early years of the twentieth century, Taylor was considered a major force in the management field, surrounding himself with a team of loyal followers.