ABSTRACT
An effective introduction explains the purpose and scope of the paper to the reader. The conclusion should provide a clear answer to any question asked in the title, as well as summarising the main points. In coursework, both introductions and conclusions are normally written after the main body. Introductions are usually no more than about 10" of the total length of the assignment. Therefore, in a 2,000-word essay, the introduction would be about 200 words. It can be difficult to start writing an essay, but especially in exams, hesitation will waste valuable time. The first few sentences should be general but not vague, to help the reader focus on the topic. Conclusions tend to be shorter and more varied in format than introductions. Some articles may have a summary or concluding remarks. But student papers should generally have a final section that summarises the arguments and makes it clear to the reader that the original question has been answered.
