ABSTRACT
In this chapter, the focus of the book shifts to the practical issues that governments or administrations care about and the programs they wish to implement within their terms of office, which differs from the kinds of interventions that political scientists seek to carry out. The function of these trials is to pilot policies before they are implemented or improve the performance of these policies as they are being rolled out. The attention is more on the preferences of the policy-maker and less on those of the researcher, though of course the researcher has much to learn from these kinds of trials and will wish to publish from them independently.
