ABSTRACT
Action films concentrate on feats of physicality, such as battles, gunfights, chases, speeding vehicles, fistfights, blatant or secret invasions, struggles against alien or beastly creatures and other active exploits. The screenwriter, knowing that the target audience of the action film enjoys an emotional rollercoaster ride, is tasked with constructing scenes, sequences and set pieces that will create tension, apprehension, concern and fear for the protagonist and other characters in the film-all designed to fulfill the audience's expectations. Many adventure films are constructed with the action film genre; they are designed to provide exciting and energetic feats of physicality and often death-defying elements. However, adventure films tend to avoid large-scale violence; the focus is on the journey and the clever choices of the protagonist when faced with obstacles. The screenwriter, in creating the mental space of action for the audience, may employ schematic knowledge choices by setting up the physical and active element at the outset of the narrative.
